Analyzing Seasonal Wind Trends and Climate Change Impacts Along the East Coast of the United States (1990-2022)

Authors

• Avery L. Wilson, University of New Hampshire, DurhamFollow

Date Completed

Spring 2025

Abstract

This study investigates long-term trends in ocean wind intensity and variability along the U.S. East Coast between 1990 and 2022 using ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis data. Focusing on monthly maximum, mean, and standard deviation (STD) of wind speed at 10 meters above the surface, linear regressions were performed to analyze long-term trends. Results indicate a significant increase in wind intensity and variability in the northeastern region, particularly during winter months, which may forecast more frequent and intense cyclonic activity such as Nor’easters. Conversely, a weak decreasing trend was observed in the south. These shifts have implications for ocean-atmosphere dynamics, including vertical mixing in the water column and CO₂ exchange, as well as for offshore wind energy planning—where stronger and more variable winds can enhance power generation potential but also introduce new challenges. The study underscores the importance of continued monitoring and analysis to support climate adaptation and energy infrastructure strategies.

First Advisor

Jamie Pringle

College or School

CEPS

Department or Program

Earth Science Oceanography

Degree Name

Bachelor of Science

Recommended Citation

Wilson, Avery L., "Analyzing Seasonal Wind Trends and Climate Change Impacts Along the East Coast of the United States (1990-2022)" (2025). Honors Theses and Capstones. 889.
https://scholars.unh.edu/honors/889