Abstract
Croplands are important sources of nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. The lack of both long‐term field measurements and reliable methods for extrapolating these measurements has resulted in a large uncertainty in quantifying and mitigating N2O emissions from croplands. This is especially relevant in regions where cropping systems and farming management practices (FMPs) are diverse. In this study, a process‐based biogeochemical model, DeNitrification‐DeComposition (DNDC), was tested against N2O measurements from five cropping systems (alfalfa, wheat, lettuce, vineyards, and almond orchards) representing diverse environmental conditions and FMPs. The model tests indicated that DNDC was capable of predicting seasonal and annual total N2O emissions from these cropping systems, and the model's performance was better than the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change emission factor approach. DNDC also captured the impacts on N2O emissions of nitrogen fertilization for wheat and lettuce, of stand age for alfalfa, as well as the spatial variability of N2O fluxes in vineyards and orchards. DNDC overestimated N2O fluxes following some heavy rainfall events. To reduce the biases of simulating N2O fluxes following heavy rainfall, studies should focus on clarifying mechanisms controlling impacts of environmental factors on denitrification. DNDC was then applied to assess the impacts on N2O emissions of FMPs, including tillage, fertilization, irrigation, and management of cover crops. The practices that can mitigate N2O emissions include reduced or no tillage, reduced N application rates, low‐volume irrigation, and cultivation of nonleguminous cover crops. This study demonstrates the necessity and potential of utilizing process‐based models to quantify N2O emissions from regions with highly diverse cropping systems.
Department
Earth Systems Research Center
Publication Date
5-1-2018
Journal Title
Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences
Publisher
American Geophysical Union (AGU)
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
Document Type
Article
Recommended Citation
Deng J, C Li, M Burger, W Horwath, D Smart, J Six, L Guo, W Salas, S Frolking. 2018. Assessing short-term impacts of management practices on N2O emissions from diverse Mediterranean agricultural ecosystems using a biogeochemical model, J. Geophys. Res. Biogeosciences, 123, DOI: 10.1029/2017JG004260.
Comments
This is an article published by AGU in Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences in 2018, available online: https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2017JG004260