Date of Award

Winter 2024

Project Type

Dissertation

Program or Major

Applied Mathematics

Degree Name

Doctor of Philosophy

First Advisor

Anne Lightbody

Second Advisor

Gregory Chini

Third Advisor

Laura Dietz

Abstract

In addition to transporting flowing water, river systems carry dissolved nutrients and pollutants, which can experience chemical reactions, biological uptake, or retention in surface or hyporheic zones. This dissertation enhances our understanding of solute transport and uptake in river reaches through three main components. The first component involves the development of a novel curve-fitting model designed to capture the characteristics of pulse-release breakthrough curves (BTCs) from tracer studies with conservative solutes. The model, which was found to be applicable to a wide range of field studies, enables the rapid comparison of transport parameters among diverse field studies obtained under a range of experimental conditions. The second component utilizes a particle tracking model (PTM) to simulate the movement of solute parcels within an idealized river system following a pulse release. PTM results show that increased access of hyporheic zones in the subsurface is reflected in the BTC and can elevate overall solute uptake. The third component develops a Random Forest (RF) machine learning model to predict reach-scale BTC shapes and nutrient uptake within stream systems. While the RF model provides accurate forecasts when much information is known about stream transport and solute reactivity, its accuracy diminishes with fewer input parameters. By introducing a new BTC fitting model, providing detailed insights into transport dynamics, and offering predictive tools that reduce the need for extensive field sampling, this work advances our understanding of the complex dynamics of solute movement and uptake in river systems, providing insight into nutrient cycling, pollutant dispersion, and other critical processes in river ecosystems and aiding in stream management and restoration efforts.

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