Does the worsening galactic cosmic radiation environment observed by CRaTER preclude future manned deep space exploration?, Nathan A. Schwadron, J. B. Blake, Anthony Case, Colin J. Joyce, Justin Kasper, J. E. Mazur, N. Petro, M. Quinn, Jamie A. Porter, Charles W. Smith, Sonya S. Smith, Harlan E. Spence, Lawrence W. Townsend, R. Turner, Jody K. Wilson, Cary Zeitlin
Physics & Astronomy

Deep dielectric charging of regolith within the Moon's permanently shadowed regions, Andrew P. Jordan, T. J. Stubbs, Jody K. Wilson, Nathan A. Schwadron, Harlan E. Spence, Colin J. Joyce
Physics & Astronomy

Nitrate deposition to surface snow at Summit, Greenland, following the 9 November 2000 solar proton event, Katherine A. Duderstadt, Jack E. Dibb, Charles H. Jackman, Cora E. Randall, Stanley C. Solomon, Michael J. Mills, Nathan A. Schwadron, Harlan E. Spence
Earth Sciences

Radiation environment at the Moon: Comparisons of transport code modeling and measurements from the CRaTER instrument, Jamie A. Porter, Lawrence W. Townsend, Harlan E. Spence, Michael J. Golightly, Nathan A. Schwadron, Justin Kasper, Anthony Case, J. B. Blake, Cary Zeitlin
Physics & Astronomy

Synthesis of 3-D coronal-solar wind energetic particle acceleration modules, Nathan A. Schwadron, Matthew J. Gorby, Tibor Torak, Cooper Downs, J. A. Linker, Roberto Lionello, Z. Mikic, P. Riley, Joe Giacalone, Benjamin D.G. Chandran, Kai K. Germaschewski, Philip A. Isenberg, Martin A. Lee, Noe E. Lugaz, Sonya S. Smith, Harlan E. Spence, M. Desai, J. C. Kasper, K. Kozarev, K. E. Korreck, M. L. Stevens, J. F. Cooper, Peter MacNeice
Physics & Astronomy

Radiation modeling in the Earth and Mars atmospheres using LRO/CRaTER with the EMMREM Module, Colin J. Joyce, Nathan A. Schwadron, Jody K. Wilson, Harlan E. Spence, Justin Kasper, Michael J. Golightly, J. B. Blake, Lawrence W. Townsend, Anthony Case, E. Semones, Sonya S. Smith, Cary Zeitlin
Physics & Astronomy

Relative Contributions of Galactic Cosmic Rays and Lunar Proton “Albedo” to Dose and Dose , Harlan E. Spence, M. J. Golightly, Colin J. Joyce, M. D. Looper, Nathan A. Schwadron, Sonya S. Smith, L. W. Townsend, Jody K. Wilson, C. Zeitlin
Physics & Astronomy

Dose spectra from energetic particles and neutrons, Nathan A. Schwadron, Chris Bancroft, Peter F. Bloser, Jason S. Legere, James M. Ryan, Sonya S. Smith, Harlan E. Spence, Joe Mazur, Cary Zeitlin
Physics & Astronomy

Validation of PREDICCS using LRO/CRaTER observations during three major solar events in 2012, Colin J. Joyce, Nathan A. Schwadron, Jody K. Wilson, Harlan E. Spence, J. C. Kasper, M. Golightly, J. B. Blake, J. Mazur, L. W. Townsend, A. W. Case, E. Semones, Sonya S. Smith, C. J. Zeitlin
Physics & Astronomy

The deep space galactic cosmic ray lineal energy spectrum at solar minimum, A. W. Case, J. C. Kasper, Harlan E. Spence, C. J. Zeitlin, M. D. Looper, M. J. Golightly, Nathan A. Schwadron, L. W. Townsend, J. E. Mazur, J. B. Blake, Y. Iwata
Physics & Astronomy

The formation of molecular hydrogen from water ice in the lunar regolith by energetic charged particles, Andrew P. Jordan, T. J. Stubbs, Colin J. Joyce, Nathan A. Schwadron, Harlan E. Spence, Jody K. Wilson
Physics & Astronomy

Measurements of galactic cosmic ray shielding with the CRaTER instrument, C. Zeitlin, A. W. Case, Harlan E. Spence, Nathan A. Schwadron, M. Golightly, Jody K. Wilson, J. C. Kasper, J. B. Blake, M. D. Looper, J. E. Mazur, L. W. Townsend, Y. Iwata
Physics & Astronomy

The radiation environment near the lunar surface: CRaTER observations and Geant4 simulations, M. D. Looper, J. E. Mazur, J. B. Blake, Harlan E. Spence, Nathan A. Schwadron, M. J. Golightly, A. W. Case, J. C. Kasper, L. W. Townsend
Physics & Astronomy

Cosmic Ray Albedo Proton Yield Correlated with Lunar Elemental Abundances, Jody K. Wilson, Harlan E. Spence, Nathan A. Schwadron, M. J. Golightly, A. W. Case, J. B. Blake, J. Kasper, M. D. Looper, J. E. Mazur, L. W. Townsend, C. Zeitlin, T. J. Stubbs
Physics & Astronomy

Lunar Energetic Proton Albedo: Measured and Modeled Energy Spectra and Other Properties, Harlan E. Spence, J. B. Blake, A. W. Case, M. J. Golightly, Colin J. Joyce, J. C. Kasper, M. D. Looper, J. E. Mazur, Nathan A. Schwadron, Sonya S. Smith, L. W. Townsend, C. J. Zeitlin
Physics & Astronomy

Dielectric Breakdown in the Lunar Regolith, Andrew P. Jordan, T. J. Stubbs, Jody K. Wilson, Nathan A. Schwadron, Harlan E. Spence
Physics & Astronomy

The CRaTER Special Issue of Space Weather: Building the observational foundation to deduce biological effects of space radiation, Nathan A. Schwadron, Sonya S. Smith, Harlan E. Spence
Physics & Astronomy

Contributions of primary particles to observed LET for the CRaTER instrument on LRO, Jamie A. Porter, Lawrence W. Townsend, Harlan E. Spence, Michael J. Golightly, Nathan A. Schwadron, Justin Kasper, Anthony Case, John B. Blake, Joe Mazur, Cary Zeitlin
Physics & Astronomy

The first cosmic ray albedo proton map of the Moon, Jody K. Wilson, Harlan E. Spence, Justin Kasper, Michael Golightly, J. B. Blake, J. E. Mazur, L. W. Townsend, A. W. Case, M. D. Looper, C. Zeitlin, Nathan A. Schwadron
Physics & Astronomy

Lunar radiation environment and space weathering from the Cosmic Ray Telescope for the Effects of Radiation (CRaTER), Nathan A. Schwadron, T. Baker, B. Blake, A. W. Case, J. F. Cooper, M. Golightly, Andrew P. Jordan, Colin J. Joyce, J. Kasper, K. Kozarev, J. Mislinski, J. Mazur, Harlan E. Spence
Physics & Astronomy

From CMEs to Earth/Lunar Radiation Dosages: A First in Heliospheric End-to-End Coupling, Matthew J. Gorby, Nathan A. Schwadron, J. A. Linker, Harlan E. Spence, L. W. Townsend, F. A. Cucinotta, Jody K. Wilson
Physics & Astronomy

Interplanetary Conditions During the Apollo Missions: Implications for the State of the Lunar Environment, T. J. Stubbs, D. A. Glenar, Andrew P. Jordan, Y. Wang, R. R. Vondrak, M. R. Collier, W. M. Farrell, M. I. Zimmerman, Nathan A. Schwadron, Harlan E. Spence
Physics & Astronomy

PREDICCs: A Radiation Prediction Tool for Lunar, Planetary, and Deep Space Exploration, Harlan E. Spence, Nathan A. Schwadron, Matthew J. Gorby, Colin J. Joyce, M. Quinn, M. LeVeille, Sonya S. Smith, Jody K. Wilson, L. Townsend, F. Cucinotta
Physics & Astronomy

Cosmic Ray Albedo Proton Yield Correlated with Lunar Elemental Abundances, Jody K. Wilson, Harlan E. Spence, A. W. Case, J. B. Blake, M. J. Golightly, J. Kasper, M. D. Looper, J. E. Mazur, Nathan A. Schwadron, L. W. Townsend, C. Zeitlin
Physics & Astronomy

An Unidentified Lunar Cosmic Ray Signal that Depends on Altitude and Solar Zenith Angle, A. W. Case, J. C. Kasper, Harlan E. Spence, M. J. Golightly, Nathan A. Schwadron, J. B. Blake, M. Looper, J. E. Mazur, L. W. Townsend, C. J. Zeitlin
Physics & Astronomy

Energy Spectral Properties and Implications of the Lunar Energetic Proton Albedo, Harlan E. Spence, J. B. Blake, A. W. Case, M. J. Golightly, J. C. Kasper, M. D. Looper, J. E. Mazur, Nathan A. Schwadron, L. W. Townsend, C. J. Zeitlin
Physics & Astronomy

On the Interaction Between Highly Energetic Charged Particles and the Lunar Regolith, Andrew P. Jordan, T. J. Stubbs, C. Zeitlin, Harlan E. Spence, Nathan A. Schwadron, M. I. Zimmerman, W. M. Farrell
Physics & Astronomy

Observed and simulated LET spectra comparison for the CRaTER instrument on LRO, J. A. Anderson, L. W. Townsend, Harlan E. Spence, M. Golightly, Nathan A. Schwadron, J. C. Kasper, A. W. Case, J. B. Blake, J. Mazur
Physics & Astronomy

The First Cosmic Ray Albedo Proton Map of the Moon, Jody K. Wilson, Harlan E. Spence, J. C. Kasper, M. J. Golightly, J. B. Blake, J. E. Mazur, L. Townsend, A. W. Case, M. D. Looper, C. J. Zeitlin, Nathan A. Schwadron
Physics & Astronomy

Galactic cosmic ray linear energy transfer spectra at the Moon during solar minimum, Andrew P. Jordan, Nathan A. Schwadron, A. W. Case, Harlan E. Spence, J. C. Kasper, M. J. Golightly, J. B. Blake, J. E. Mazur, L. Townsend
Physics & Astronomy

PREDICCS: Predictions of Radiation from REleASE, EMMREM, and Data Incorporating CRaTER, COSTEP (EPHIN), and other SEP measurements, J. F. Mislinski, Nathan A. Schwadron, L. Townsend, Harlan E. Spence, O. M. Rother, A. Posner, R. Squier, Jody K. Wilson, Andrew P. Jordan, R. Anderson, T. Baker, K. A. Kozarev
Physics & Astronomy

Does the space environment affect the ecosphere?, Nathan A. Schwadron, Harlan E. Spence, Rosemarie Came
Physics & Astronomy

Coronal Electron Temperature from the Solar Wind Scaling Law throughout the Space Age, Nathan A. Schwadron, Charles W. Smith, Harlan E. Spence, J. C. Kasper, K. Korreck, M. L. Stevens, B. A. Maruca, K. K. Kiefer, S. T. Lepri, D. McComas
Physics & Astronomy

Neutral atom imaging of the magnetospheric cusps, S. M. Petrinec, M. A. Dayeh, H. O. Funsten, S. A. Fuselier, David F. Heirtzler, P. Janzen, Harald A. Kucharek, D. J. McComas, Eberhard Moebius, T. E. Moore, D. B. Reisenfeld, Nathan A. Schwadron, K. J. Trattner, P. Wurz
Physics & Astronomy

Off-limb solar coronal wavefronts from SDO/AIA extreme-ultraviolet observations-implications for particle production, K. A. Kozarev, K. E. Korreck, V. V. Lobzin, M. A. Weber, Nathan A. Schwadron
Physics & Astronomy

Spectral properties of regions and structures in the interstellar boundary explorer (IBEX) sky maps, M. A. Dayeh, D. J. McComas, G. Livadiotis, R. W. Ebert, H. O. Funsten, P. Janzen, D. B. Reisenfeld, Nathan A. Schwadron
Physics & Astronomy

First sky map of the inner heliosheath temperature using IBEX spectra, G. Livadiotis, D. J. McComas, M. A. Dayeh, H. O. Funsten, Nathan A. Schwadron
Physics & Astronomy

Separation of the Interstellar Boundary Explorer ribbon from globally distributed energetic neutral atom flux, Nathan A. Schwadron, F. Allegrini, M. Bzowski, E. R. Christian, G. B. Crew, M. Dayeh, R. DeMajistre, P. Frisch, H. O. Funsten, S. A. Fuselier, K. Goodrich, M. Gruntman, P. Janzen, Harald A. Kucharek, Eberhard Moebius
Physics & Astronomy

The radial evolution of solar wind speeds, S. L. McGregor, W. J. Hughes, C. N. Arge, D. Odstrcil, Nathan A. Schwadron
Physics & Astronomy

First IBEX observations of the terrestrial plasma sheet and a possible disconnection event, D. J. McComas, M. A. Dayeh, H. O. Funsten, S. A. Fuselier, J. Goldstein, J. M. Jahn, P. Janzen, D. G. Mitchell, S. M. Petrinec, D. B. Reisenfeld, Nathan A. Schwadron
Physics & Astronomy

Interplanetary magnetic flux depletion during protracted solar minima, David E. Connick, Charles W. Smith, Nathan A. Schwadron
Physics & Astronomy

Excitation of low-frequency waves in the solar wind by newborn interstellar pickup ions H(+) and He(+) as seen by Voyager at 4.5 AU, Colin J. Joyce, Charles W. Smith, Philip A. Isenberg, Neil Murphy, Nathan A. Schwadron
Physics & Astronomy

Comparisons of the interstellar magnetic field directions obtained from the IBEX ribbon and interstellar polarizations, Priscilla C. Frisch, B.-G. Andersson, Andrei Berdyugin, Herbert O. Funsten, Antonio M. Magalhaes, David J. McComas, Vilppu Piirola, Nathan A. Schwadron, Jonathan D. Slavin, Sloane J. Wiktorowicz
Physics & Astronomy

Magnetic flux balance in the heliosphere, Nathan A. Schwadron, D. E. Connick, Charles W. Smith
Physics & Astronomy

Evolving outer heliosphere: Large-scale stability and time variations observed by the Interstellar Boundary Explorer, D. J. McComas, M. Bzowski, P. Frisch, G. B. Crew, M. A. Dayeh, R. DeMajistre, H. O. Funsten, S. A. Fuselier, M. Gruntman, P. Janzen, M. A. Kubiak, G Livadiotis, Eberhard Moebius, D. B. Reisenfeld, Nathan A. Schwadron
Physics & Astronomy

Can IBEX identify variations in the galactic environment of the sun using energetic neutral atoms?, Priscilla C. Frisch, Jacob Heerikhuisen, Nikolai V. Pogorelov, Bob DeMajistre, Geoffrey B. Crew, Herbert O. Funsten, Paul Janzen, David J. McComas, Eberhard Moebius, Hans-Reinhard Mueller, Danielle Brett Reisenfeld, Nathan A. Schwadron, Jonathan D. Slavin, Gary Paul Zank
Physics & Astronomy

Energetic neutral atoms from the Earth's subsolar magnetopause, S. A. Fuselier, H. O. Funsten, D. Hiertzler, P. Janzen, Harald A. Kucharek, D. J. McComas, Eberhard Moebius, T. E. Moore, S. M. Petrinec, D. B. Reisenfeld, Nathan A. Schwadron, K. J. Trattner, P. Wurz
Physics & Astronomy

Galactic cosmic ray radiation hazard in the unusual extended solar minimum between solar cycles 23 and 24, Nathan A. Schwadron, A. J. Boyd, K. Kozarev, M. Golightly, Harlan E. Spence, L. W. Townsend, M. Owens
Physics & Astronomy

Superposition of stochastic processes and the resulting particle distributions, Nathan A. Schwadron, M. Dayeh, M. Desai, H. Fahr, J. R. Jokipii, Martin A. Lee
Physics & Astronomy

Parameterizations of the linear energy transfer spectrum for the CRaTER instrument during the LRO mission, L. W. Townsend, Y. M. Charara, N. Delauder, M. PourArsalan, J. A. Anderson, C. M. Fisher, Harlan E. Spence, Nathan A. Schwadron, M. J. Golightly, F. A. Cucinotta
Physics & Astronomy

Earth‐Moon‐Mars Radiation Environment Module framework, Nathan A. Schwadron, L. Townsend, K. Kozarev, M. A. Dayeh, F. Cucinotta, M. Desai, M. Golightly, D. Hassler, R. Hatcher, M. Y. Kim, A. Posner, M. PourArsalan, Harlan E. Spence, R. K. Squier
Physics & Astronomy

Energy dissipation and ion heating at the heliospheric termination shock, P. Wu, D. Winske, S. P. Gary, Nathan A. Schwadron, Martin A. Lee
Physics & Astronomy

Posteruptive phenomena in coronal mass ejections and substorms: Indicators of a universal process?, K. K. Reeves, T. B. Guild, W. J. Hughes, K. E. Korreck, J. Lin, J. Raymond, S. Savage, Nathan A. Schwadron, Harlan E. Spence, D. F. Webb, M. Wiltberger
Physics & Astronomy

Role of coronal mass ejections in the heliospheric Hale cycle, M. J. Owens, Nathan A. Schwadron, N. U. Crooker, W. J. Hughes, Harlan E. Spence
Physics & Astronomy